The Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide - 1720 Words

It is obvious discussing physician-assisted suicide is a very controversial issue that is discussed daily by those who wish to die to avoid loss of dignity and also by those who think it is unethical. For physician-assisted suicide to even be considered, the patient must be of sound mind when they are requesting death with dignity. Physician-assisted suicide should be a legal option for people who are unable to end their own lives. However, there should be safeguards to prevent any sort of abuse. There should be the legalization of physician-assisted suicide, but not for active euthanasia. â€Å"It should never be contemplated as a substitute for comprehensive comfort care or for working with patients to resolve the physical, personal, and social challenges posed by the process of dying† (Meier, D.E., p. 294). If an incurable patient who is suffering asks for specific help in physician-assisted suicide, physicians should have the obligation to fully scrutinize the request. Not only is it the seriousness of considering medicine as the placement of certain suicide an issue, it is a form of direct killing. Medical advances are surely making it easier to reduce pain and suffering, so why should there be policies devised and sanctioned by the state to kill those in pain and suffering? An article in the journal of the American Medical Association by Ethics and Health Policy argues that â€Å"allowing physicians to assist in the suicide of hopelessly ill patients will violate the nature ofShow MoreRelatedThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide976 Words   |  4 Pagesmake the last months of a person’s life as comfortable as possible, ultimately palliative and hospice care become ineffective in helping with the excruciating pain. Thus, the legalization of physician assisted suicide provides a compassionate death while preserving the concept of patient autonomy. Physician-assisted suicide enables terminally ill patients to die comfortably and peacefully in their own homes. Terminally ill patients suffer through constant pain in their final months, and there remainsRead MoreThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide1265 Words   |  6 PagesParker March, 14, 2015 Assisted Suicide Introduction There are several ethical and legal issues that are raised by the majority concerning the legalization of physician assisted suicide and the role of nurses in the process. Assisted suicide is a legal act of assisting those who are suffering from a deadly illness in ending their lives by providing them the means to do it (Griffith, 2014). Netherland was the first country to legalize physician assisted suicide. In 1994, Oregon becameRead MoreThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide1984 Words   |  8 PagesAnthony Zhang 4.29.15 Period 3B Living in Pain or Death with Dignity The legalization of physician assisted suicide (PAS) in Oregon in 1994 changed the face of the argument between those who believe in death with dignity and those who believe in letting nature take its course. It was a major victory for PAS advocates as the first state in America had legalized PAS in the country’s history. In 2008, the neighboring state of Washington followed suit with a similar law and legalized PAS by a 58-42Read MoreLegalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide820 Words   |  4 Pageslegalize physician-assisted death within a year. Physician-assisted suicide (PAS), in simple words, means doctors prescribe a lethal dose of medication that patients take themselves. The question that whether the Criminal Code provisions should prohibit physician-assisted suicide has been discussed in public for several decades. Actually, decriminalizing PAS may cause some sorts of abuses, but not decriminalizing it would make more patients dying with excruciating pain. Many doctors and physicians thinkRead MoreThe Need for the Legalization of Physician-Assisted Suicide2485 Words   |  10 Pagesprevent death. Many people turn to a procedure known as Physician-Assisted suicide, a process by which a doctor aids in ending a terminally ill patient’s life. This procedure is painless and effective, allowing patients to control their death and alleviate unnecessary suffering. In spite of these benefits, Physician-Assisted suicide is illegal in many places both nationally and internationally. Despite the fact that Physician-Assisted suicide is opposed by many Americans and much of the world onRead MoreThe Legalization of Physician-Assisted Suicide Essay2393 Words   |  10 PagesSupport for the participation of physicians in the suicides of terminally ill patients is increasing. Much of the controversy surrounding physician-assisted suicide however focuses on the debate over whether the practice should be legalized. A woman suffering from cancer became the first person known to die under the law of physician-assisted suicide in March of 1998. In 1994, voters in Oregon approved a referendum called the Death with Dignity Act, which was enacted in 1997. This law allows patientsRead MoreLEGALIZATION OF ASSISTED SUICIDE IN THE U.S. Currently, physician-assisted suicide or death is2900 Words   |  12 PagesLEGALIZATION OF ASSISTED SUICIDE IN THE U.S. Currently, physician-assisted suicide or death is illegal in all states except Oregon, Vermont, Montana and Washington. Present law in other states express that suicide is not a crime, but assisting in suicide is. Supporters of legislation legalizing assisted suicide claim that the moral right to life should encompass the right to voluntary death. Opponents of assisted suicide claim that society has a moral and civic duty to preserve the lives of innocentRead MoreThe Controversial Debate On Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide1290 Words   |  6 Pagesis your life and no one else’s, right? This is the question at the very center of the controversial debate on the legalization of physician assisted suicide in the United States. Anti-physician assisted suicide groups often argue that no individual truly wants to end their life. However, that statement does not ring true to those who would actually utilize physician assisted suicide- terminally ill patients. Imagine being diagnosed with a terminal disease, followed by months and sometimes years ofRead MoreEthical Considerations in Dealing with Changes in the Healthcare System929 Words   |  4 Pagesconsideration that creates controversial discussion is the subject of physician-assisted suicide. Physician-assisted suicide is described as the act in which a physician provides the means necessary for the client to perform the act of suicide. The issue of physician-assisted suicide is viewed through many different perspectives. The topic of physician-assisted suicide has been debated since the development of medicine. Physician-assisted suicide was first legalized in the United States in Oregon in 1997.Read MoreShould Physician Assisted Suicide Be Legalized?1426 Words   |  6 PagesPhysician assisted suicide is also known as assisted suicide. It is a very controversial procedure. It is not favored by many. However, in present day society is little bit inclined towards assisted suicide. There is ongo ing debate on the legalization of assisted suicide. The main reason to oppose of assisted suicide is the fear of mistreatment of the patient, abuse of power and so on. In contrary, many see assisted suicide as a way to decrease pain in the end of life.

Adult Learning Techniques and Methods Application for successful Free Essays

string(57) " Mezirow and Freire on their take on effective learning\." Many organizations in today’s competitive business world focus on training to enhance capacity development to their staff in order to compete effectively. The reason that underlies this competition is the emergence of knowledge based economy that put organizations to task and compete on the basis of knowledge. Therefore, many companies focus on building and equipping their staff with necessary skills and knowledge. We will write a custom essay sample on Adult Learning Techniques and Methods Application for successful or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is therefore, a daunting task to design, develop and plan for the workforce training intervention; since are different from children in regard to learning. As a result of complexity in instructional approach for adult learning, many training intervention for the Human Resource Development programs fail to give the desired results or changes intended by training intervention. The area of approach to design of training intervention is an outstanding concern because it determines the outcome of those training programs. In this regard, this paper shall look at best training or learning design to be embraced while developing a training intervention for developing workforce. This is because adult learners process information differently than one another and justify special approach. Introduction Organizational learning usually aims at capacity development of the organization, individual and occupational. Campbell (2007), defines organizational capacity as the organizational potential to perform that is enabled by its ability to define and realize its goals and objectives in a more sustainable and relevant manner. Therefore, organization capacity development shall refer to the processes by which an organization effectively formulate and achieve organizational goals. In order to achieve the desired Organizational capacity through learning, training should focus to realize the needs and goals of the organization. Capacities emphasized in organizational learning are: adaptive capacity that enables organization to learn and change in response to operational environment dynamism; and operational that aims at equipping the organization workforce up-dated skills and knowledge to carryout daily activities of the organization (Baud, Gerick 1999, 131). Powers (2002), states that in order for the organizational learning to bear fruit and be meaningful, process of learning should be emphasized to ensure quality instruction to the adults in learning session. A quote by Campbell, (2007), says â€Å"many organizational facilitators have failed to give quality instruction to learners during organization’s workshops, seminars and trainings because their content and methodological approach do not match the needs of the learners† Therefore, in order to have a meaningful and useful training. A variety of learning techniques and methods are necessary when training and developing adult learners because adult learners process information differently than one another. In this line of thought, the paper shall look at these techniques that should be employed to carter for adult differences in processing the information. Learning objectives Learning objectives are important because they guide the instructor on the designing, planning and developing training that is relevant to the needs of the trainees in relation to agenda of meeting the organizational goal. Taylor (2003); notes that good learning objectives should be derived from need assessment conducted. Importantly, learning objectives should be; realistic, measurable, time conscious, and take into account the needs of the learner. Using two sets of objectives: general objective depicts changes or competencies expected after training; while the specific objective describes what the trainees should be able to do after undergoing the training, the instructor should formulate content, method and aids to be used (Kraiger, Salas, 1997, p. 272). Organizational learning In order to have a successful and relevant Organizational training should involve identification of the target group; learning mode choice; and selection and sequencing of the contents. Identification of the training target group: training intervention will be rendered fruitless if the trainees do not put into practice the training when they go back to their functions resulting from wrong choice of the participants (Baud, Geric, 1999, p. 95). Therefore correct participant’s choice is necessary. For example, in some cases the entire department may be selected for training where there are changes in the processes regarding to that department. While in other cases, key person is involved for training for specific task or skills like C.E.O. or manager Training mode choice: it’s important to consider sheer volume and learning task complexity that can be used to direct the choice for distance or onsite classroom. While mass vs. distributed training, since research indicates that training instruction under distributed practice is retained more and longer. Selection and sequencing of the content: the content should be strictly based on the learning objectives in consideration with job and task analysis. The difficult task should be allocated appropriate and sufficient time. Additionally, learning topic should not come in ad-hoc manner since it may hamper learning. Rest duration is important and dependant on the memory warm-up and psychological fatigue. In relation to rest duration, Armmons (1947), research work indicated that performance efficient may rise between 18%-43% with rest duration of 5-20 minutes after an intensive learning by trainers (Baud, Gerick 1999, p. 294). Training Activities, techniques and methods This is central to learning by using of instruction strategy and approach. According to Kraiger and Salas (1997), instructional strategies are set of tools, contents and methodologies which are combined to create an instructional approach. In this connection four best principles should be used to create an efficient instructional strategy: relevancy of concepts to be learned, demonstration of the altitudes, knowledge and skills to be learnt by learners; and feedback provision to instructors after practice and during practicing the skills attained. The instructional strategy selection is dependant on the instructor, but should choose a variety of strategies to accommodate content delivery, objectives, materials or aids used, and aim to maintain interest of learning.   Adults learns best by doing and working in a non-threatening, participators, respectful and informal environment. Principles of adult learning useful for instruction design In regard to performance improvement through learning, there are six key principles to enhance successful adult learning. These principles integrate the perspectives, models and theories provided by great scholars like Kolb, Knowles, Mezirow and Freire on their take on effective learning. You read "Adult Learning Techniques and Methods Application for successful" in category "Learning" Participation: In learning, trainees learn more and remember the content of the subject matter when they are actively engaged in learning process. While skills best develop by doing and engaging in practical exercise, group work, simulation, games and discussion. Furthermore participation can be enhanced by facilitating a collaborative environment, role sharing and use of friendly dialogue to encourage sharing of experiences and knowledge. Thus by enhancing positive altitudes and learning atmosphere it corresponds to participation boosting to trainers. Understanding: Greater understanding can be enhanced when training starts at the level of the trainee as provided by training needs assessment. Practices and learning activities that can increase understanding to trainers are appropriate use of vocabulary according to trainers level, use of trainers language, avoidance of unnecessary technical jargon (Celinski, 1983), reformulation of ideas in trainers own words, use of real life examples provided by the trainer and use of learners experience as examples. The checking mechanism for the learners understanding is through use of short questions. Feedback: Feedbacks are important part of construct process for learning. Through feedback the trainees get a sense of their progression towards learning objectives and if not, they strategize how to get there. Feedback should be provided shortly after instruction to enable learners relate to processes they have used. Additionally, learners should be given good reacceptance on their feedback to encourage them to try again. For instance, instructor should use encouraging term like good trail or good attempt even if the trainee has given a wrong feedback. Interest: In training intervention, learner’s interest comes as a result of learner’s intrinsic motivation. Whereby, the trainee should be made to feel the need to learn and own the goal of training is likely to increase urge to participate and be more engaged. To achieve trainees interest in training intervention, learning objectives must be relevant to their needs, Kolb (1979) emphasize that adult learners interest is embedded in their personal histories, vision of who they are and what the want to do. Therefore, to capture the interest of trainees, learning methods should integrate work and studies, theory and practice will provide a more productive learning undertaking by the workforce. In addition to this, adult will only remember or have interest to learn what they consider useful to them and has pleasure to learn it. Therefore, learning should be cantered on the content relevancy in accordance to what adult’s value with more pragmatic examples like marriage, divorce, parenting, taking a new job, losing a job (Powers, 2002, p. 241). Emphasis: Emphasis is attained by focusing the attention of learners on the most important points that will be useful to make a trainee remember easily. This emphasis should be used to crucial points. Through instructors, repetition, reformulation, examples, summarizing or asking question gives emphasis to main ideas desired to be attained by use of didactic aids and exercises. This by giving more attention and time to certain concepts, it allows learners to practice and retain skills and knowledge. (Baldwin, Ford 1998: 217), state that when a trainee is not able to recall content after a training session, the content is likely to have extend the long term memory, as a result it will not be retained. Results: Organizational training intervention aimed at capacity development should make learners feel successful after the training session and enable the employee to plan how to effect and use the skills and knowledge attained in organizational working environment. As a result this learner’s confidences in his or her ability to cope with work task to a great extend supports performance improving to an individual and organization collectively. The instructor can scaffold the trainees by keeping them informed on their progress, congratulating for good work and more accelerated by issuance of a participatory certificate to the trainees, the certificate will put employee in task of reflecting the theoretical value of certificate to practical world (Baud, Geric, 1999, p.103). Teaching methods and techniques The instructional methods designated to have a positive impact to an adult learner, should aim at fulfilling the special characteristics of the adult learner. These characteristics are geared towards achievement of LEARN (Leadership, Experience, Appeal, Respect and Novel Styles) that makes them realize their need to gain something; to be something; to do something; and to save something in an event of learning (Goldstein, 2003, p. 219). The following general techniques are proposed. Icebreaker: good and integrated introduction to achieve a friendly and a relaxed atmosphere in a learning session. Done through adjourning the learning for five minutes and for each member to introduce himself to the person on his right by giving name, where he comes from, hobbies, and interests. Researchers have found out that icebreaker breaks down the formality of meetings that tends to force shy members into deeper silence. Group Discussion: it is evident that people enjoy learning, themselves more when are engaged in discussion groups and can remember well the information discussed in the group. The advantage to the instructor is that he or she has a quicker way to obtain the views of all members. The learners shall have the opportunity to participate in the discussion. Furthermore, learners consider that they are contributing to the goal of progress and that their contribution is being recognized. Brainstorming: This is a technique used by the instructor to literally storm a problem to achieve the maximum number of ideas in the shortest possible. The purpose of brainstorming is to stimulate the creative ability of the trainees and improves creative powers. Case Study: employing case studies that describes a situation that contains a number of problems and it requires a solution. This gives the trainees a basis and opportunity for studying a situation, analyzing its important aspects, and reaching various conclusions. Team presentations: the importance of team presentation is to create a sense of team building and provides an ideal learning and review experience. As a result, the learners shall be able to understand the issue and convey it in a creative and entertaining Learning games: this is an activity that is meant to complement the learning experience. Inclusion of a game into a training module allows the trainer to drive home a point in another fashion, thereby increasing the probability of retention and application. Ideally, content retention of new material or a new skill will be more likely if the trainee hears it more than once or practices new behavior several times (Goldstein, 2003, p. 229). Conclusion To sum up the paper, the paper has discussed and examined the best practices that can facilitate effective adult learning in the context of organizational learning. However, after learning the transfer process may be negative or positive but should be reinforced through follow up- to training activities to scaffold and help the trainees to use the acquired knowledge in work environment. In order to determine effectiveness of the learning evaluation is vital tool of design to be employed. Main areas that should be evaluated are identification of training needs, learning process, learning outcomes, behavioral change, impact on the organizational performance and organizational outcomes. Reference Goldstein, I. L. (2003) Training in Organization; needs, assessment, development and evaluation: pacific groove, Brooks Baud, D. Gerick, J (1999), Understanding Learning at Work: London: Routledge. Celinski, D. (1983), ‘Trainers Manual: Formulating Training Policy Statements’, Training and Development, June. Campbell, J. P. (2007), ‘Personnel Training and Development’: Annual Review of Psychology, vol. 12, p.565. Kraiger, K., Salas, E. (1997), Improving Training Effectiveness in Work Organization: Mahwah, Erlbaum. Powers, R. (2002). Instructor excellence: San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. How to cite Adult Learning Techniques and Methods Application for successful, Essays

Getting Started in Small Business for Dummies

Question: Discuss about the Getting Started in Small Business for Dummies. Answer: Introduction The activities such as data collection, recording the transactions in the books, and preparation of the financial statements were used to be done manually when the automated accounting systems were not developed. With the increased business complexities, it was perceived difficult to maintain the accounting records manually and thus, the automated accounting systems were developed (Gelinas, Dull, Wheeler, 2014). Today, there are many accounting software programs being developed, among them MYOB is the one that is popular all around the world. MYOB provides solution to the problems of manual accounting system by automating the business processes such as accounting, financial reporting, and human resource functions. MYOB helps in integrated the core business function and make them work on real time basis (Curtis, 2012). In this context, the report presented here focuses on identifying the problems with the manual system being used by I SEE Company and provides solution to those problem s. Summary Table: Difficulties/Inefficiencies in Manual System and Benefits of MYOB S. No. Before MYOB (Manual System) Difficulties/Inefficiencies Benefits of MYOB 1. The booking process was time consuming Booking process became speedy (MYOB, 2017). 2. The calculations were prone to mistakes The calculations became accurate (MYOB, 2017). 3. The integration between different departments such as accounting and sales was missing or ineffective The integration between different departments such as sales, HR, and accounting became effective (MYOB, 2017). 4. The financial information could not be extracted on a real time basis The extraction of financial information became on a real time basis (MYOB, 2017). Economic Transactions in Small Business The small business would have simple economic transitions related to purchase and sales of goods and assets like office, furniture, and store items etc. Further, the economic transactions related to expense payments such as rent, salary, and utility bills will also be there in the small business. The complex transactions related to financial instruments might not be there in the small business. However, the simple economic transactions also become complex when the volume of transactions increases. With the increase in the size of business, the volume of transactions increases which makes the accounting and booking process complex appealing for automation of the processes (Taylor, 2003). In the current case of I SEE Company, there were not much problems when the company was operating with one store. However, as soon as, the company expanded business by opening three new stores, the problems in handing the business affairs started creeping in. Benefits of Using an Online Accounting Software Tool Implementing the use of online accounting software tool helps in automating the essential functions and business processes of a firm. The business processes related to bookkeeping, financial reporting, sales and marketing, human resource and administration are automated by implementing the use of online accounting software. The automation of the business processes is advantageous as it leads to speedy and accurate working (Siddiqui, 2011). The activities such as invoicing, journalizing the transitions, preparing income statement and balance sheet, budget forecasts, costing estimations, all become effective and less time consuming. Further, the overall managerial decision making process is also improved with the use of online accounting software. The information needs of the management can be accomplished on a real time basis in an effective manner through the use of online accounting software (Siddiqui, 2011). Problems Faced by Lydia and Sam in manual Accounting System Lydia and Sam manages a business of small sized business in the name of I SEE Company. I SEE engages in the business of purchase and sale of eyewear and eye care products. The company was running its business through one store till now, but looking at the increased demand, it has expanded by owning three more stores in the local area. The problem in front of Lydia and Sam is that they use manual accounting system and due to increase in business volume, it is proving to be inefficient and ineffective. With the use of manual accounting system, Lydia and Sam are not able to record the financial transactions on time basis. Further, they are also facing problems of inaccuracy in their work of transaction recording. Apart from this, the accounting records of each store are maintained separately leading to additional work of consolidation. Further, there is no integration of the accounting and bookkeeping processes with the other business processes such as stock maintenance, sales and marke ting. This is leading to delay in information extraction for different purposes like placing purchase orders and stock levels. Due to non availability of timely information, the problems are encountered in maintaining the stock levels in the cost effective manner. Use of MYOB in Recording Economic Transactions MYOB accounting system provides customer friendly solution to the bookkeeping and financial reporting related problems. In particular MYOB is considered to be the most useful accounting software for the small and medium sized business (MYOB, 2017). The accounting process in manual system is very time consuming because it involves many steps to be carried out manually. However, the company can use MYOB accounting software to perform multiple tasks at one time. The use of MYOB is demonstrated in the following three economic transactions to be undertaken by I SEE Company: Economic Transaction-1: Purchase of Material The company purchase material from the suppliers, which requires journal entry to record purchase and then posting the transaction to the purchase ledger, supplier ledger, and stock ledger. The company can perform the task of journal entry and posting to ledgers simultaneously by using MYOB. The accountant needs to enter the journal entry only and rest of the work i.e. posting to ledgers, updating the control accounts, trial balance, income statement, and balance sheet will automatically be done. Further, the stock balance would also be updated (MYOB, 2010). At the time of sale of goods, MYOB first can be used in preparing the invoice. Then after that journal entry to debit the customer account and credit the sales account would be made using accounting codes in MYOB. Further, the rest of tasks such as posting to ledgers and control accounts, update in trial balance, income statement, and balance sheet would automatically be made. Further, MYOB will also update the stock account (MYOB, 2010). The calculation of payroll can be done automatically in MYOB by putting the basic data such as wages rates and hour worked etc. Further, payroll taxes would also get adjusted using MYOB (MYOB, 2010). Limitations or Risks in Implementing MYOB First of all implementing MYOB in I SEE would be a challenging task because it would bring changes in the processes within the company. Generally, employees are found resist to change, thus, managing that change adequately and persuading the employees to adopt the changes would the biggest challenge. Further, the company would be required to arrange IT infrastructure to implement MYOB because till now they are working with manual system (Fick and Sprague, 2013). Arranging the IT hardware and software resources would also be a challenging task for the management of the company. Further, there are certain limitations of MYOB that the company will have to face as listed below: Skilled and trained Staff is required to operate MYOB. MYOB increases the cost of the company that may reduce the profits initially (Youraccountant, 2017). MYOB is suitable to the small and medium sized businesses only. As the size of business enhances the utility of MYOB decreases. It is the fact that advent of the information technology has brought significant positive changes in every sphere of life, but at the same time, it has also given rise many risks. Using the automated accounting systems is advantageous to the business in many ways, but it exposes the business to the risk of data theft and manipulations (Anthony, 2007). Thus, there exists a risk of information loss if the computerized information system is used for accounting and maintaining records. The Company I SEE will be required to have in place stringent mechanism to prevent the data from unauthorized access. Further, the risk of manipulations in the books of accounts has also increased due to the use of computerized accounting environment. It is easier to change the data in the computer systems as compared to the manual system, thus, it increases the risk of manipulations in the financial statements (Anthony, 2007). Conclusion The discussion in this report revolves around the use of computerized accounting systems over the manual accounting systems. From the discussion, it can be observed that the manual accounting system creates many problems when the size of business increases. The increase in the size of business increases the complexities in accounting processes. Thus, switching to the computerized accounting systems is necessary to make the processes effective and efficient. There are many advantages of using computer based accounting system like MYOB. The bookkeeping and financial reporting process becomes speedier and accurate that increases the employees efficiency. However, the organization has to face challenges in implementing the computer based accounting system such as managing the change and cost effectiveness. Further, there will be requirement to protect the data from unauthorized access. References Anthony. 2007. Accounting - Text Cases 12E. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Curtis, V. 2012. Getting Started in Small Business for Dummies. John Wiley Sons. Fick, G. and Sprague, R.H. 2013. Decision Support Systems: Issues and Challenges: Proceedings of an International Task Force Meeting June 23-25, 1980. Elsevier. Gelinas, U.J., Dull, R.B., Wheeler, P. 2014. Accounting Information Systems. Cengage Learning. MYOB. 2010. User Guide. [Online]. Available at: https://www.myob.com/content/dam/myob-redesign/nz/docs/NZ_PremEnt_UserGuide.pdf [Accessed on: 23 March 2017]. MYOB. 2017. Daiwa Food Corporation: Implementation success story, almost overnight. [Online]. Available at: https://www.myob.com/content/dam/myob-redesign/au/docs/case-study-pdf/DAIWA-FOOD-CASE-STUDY.pdf [Accessed on: 23 March 2017]. MYOB. 2017. MTOB Business Basics. [Online]. Available at: https://www.myobaccountingsystem.com/products/myob-business-basics/ [Accessed on: 23 March 2017]. Siddiqui, A.S. 2011. Comprehensive Accountancy XI. Laxmi Publications. Taylor, P. 2003. Book-keeping Accounting for the Small Business: How to Keep the Books and Maintain Financial Control Over Your Business. How To Books Ltd. Youraccountant. 2017. Summary of Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Accounting Systems. [Online]. Available at: https://www.youraccountant.net.au/tguide/guide/TRhbook/TR03050.asp [Accessed on: 23 March 2017].